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SK Hynix SUPPLY CHAIN TRACE

MEMORY (HBM)🇰🇷 South Korea · 000660 · KRXChokepoint

SK Hynix is the world's leading HBM supplier and one of the most critical — and least visible — chokepoints in the AI supply chain, having supplied essentially all of NVIDIA's HBM3E memory for the H100 and H200 in 2023–2024. HBM is technically demanding: only SK Hynix, Samsung, and Micron can manufacture it, and SK Hynix's Icheon fabs are running at full allocation with a backlog extending into 2026. The company's dominance in HBM means the pace of AI infrastructure buildout is partly determined by its production capacity.

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UPSTREAM — SUPPLIERS

Antimony (CN)

Dominant antimony producer for PCB substrate flame retardants and III-V semiconductor compounds

Chokepoint🇨🇳
RAW MATERIALSsupplies antimony for memory packaging substrates to

Entegris

Critical process materials supplier: CMP slurries, ultra-high-purity chemical delivery, and wafer carriers

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MATERIALSsupplies process chemicals and wafer carriers to

SCREEN Holdings

Leading wafer cleaning and surface treatment equipment maker (~20% global market share)

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EQUIPMENTsupplies wafer cleaning systems to

Kokusai Electric

Critical supplier of batch ALD and CVD furnace systems essential for NAND and DRAM production

Chokepoint🇯🇵
EQUIPMENTsupplies batch ALD/CVD furnaces to

Shin-Etsu Chemical

World's largest silicon wafer supplier

Chokepoint🇯🇵
MATERIALSsupplies silicon wafers to

SUMCO

#2 global silicon wafer supplier; duopoly with Shin-Etsu controls ~55% of world supply

Chokepoint🇯🇵
MATERIALSsupplies silicon wafers to

ASML

Sole maker of EUV lithography machines

Chokepoint🇳🇱
EQUIPMENTsupplies EUV/DUV lithography machines to

Lam Research

Leading supplier of etch and deposition equipment

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EQUIPMENTsupplies etch/deposition tools to

Applied Materials

Largest semiconductor equipment maker by revenue

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EQUIPMENTsupplies deposition/CMP tools to

Tokyo Electron

Leading maker of etch and deposition equipment

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EQUIPMENTsupplies coater/developer & etch tools to

KLA

Dominant maker of wafer inspection and metrology tools

Chokepoint🇺🇸
EQUIPMENTsupplies inspection/metrology tools to

↓ all supply to SK Hynix ↓

SK Hynix

Leading HBM3/HBM3E supplier for AI accelerators

UPSTREAM — SUPPLIERS ↑ · DOWNSTREAM — CUSTOMERS ↓
Chokepoint~60% HBM52+ weeks
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↓ SK Hynix supplies to ↓

NVIDIA

Dominant AI GPU designer (H100, H200, B200)

Chokepoint🇺🇸
CHIP DESIGNERSsupplies HBM3E memory to

AMD

AI GPU designer challenging NVIDIA with MI300X

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CHIP DESIGNERSsupplies HBM3E memory to

Intel

Designs Gaudi 3 AI accelerators and Xeon AI CPUs; TSMC-fabbed at advanced nodes for AI workloads

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CHIP DESIGNERSsupplies HBM3 memory to

Qualcomm

Leading mobile SoC and edge AI chip designer (Snapdragon X Elite, Cloud AI 100 inferencing)

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CHIP DESIGNERSsupplies LPDDR5X mobile memory to

MediaTek

World's #1 mobile SoC designer by volume; Dimensity AI chips compete with Qualcomm/Apple for TSMC advanced node capacity

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CHIP DESIGNERSsupplies LPDDR5X mobile memory to

Broadcom

Custom ASIC and networking chip designer for hyperscalers

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CHIP DESIGNERSsupplies HBM memory to

Marvell

Custom AI ASIC and networking chip designer for hyperscalers; key supplier of Arm-based data center networking and storage controllers to AWS, Azure, and Google

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CHIP DESIGNERSsupplies HBM memory to

TSMC

World's largest contract chip manufacturer

Chokepoint🇹🇼
FOUNDRIESHBM3E stacks packaged via CoWoS advanced packaging at

DOWNSTREAM — CUSTOMERS

About this company

QWhat is SK Hynix's role in the AI chip supply chain?

Leading HBM3/HBM3E supplier for AI accelerators

▲HBM sold out → 2026 across all suppliers

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